FICO's 5 factors: The 5 Components of a FICO Credit Score (5´ë FICO Å©·¹µ÷ ½ºÄÚ¾Æ Æò°¡±âÁØ)
The FICO 5 (ÇÇÄÚ ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö 5´ë Æò°¡¿äÀÎ)
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ij³ª´Ù ¾ç´ë ½Å¿ëÁ¶È¸Æò°¡±â°ü (Credit Bureaus) ÀÎEquifax ¿Í TransUnion ¿¡¼ ½Å¿ëÆò°¡ÀÇ ÁöÇ¥·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â FICO Æò°¡±âÁØÀº ¹«¾ùÀ̰í FICO Á¡¼ö (½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö) ¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµÇ´Â Ç׸ñ°ú ¿äÀÎÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö ÀÚ¼¼È÷ »ìÆìº¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.


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Å©·¹µ÷ Á¡¼ö¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â 5´ë ¿äÀÎ - FICO's 5 Factors
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1. Payment History (ºÎä»óȯ ¹× ¿¬Ã¼±â·Ï) 35%
2. Use of Available Credit (Debt Amounts; Debt Ratio ½Å¿ëÇѵµ ´ëºñ ºÎäÀ²; ºÎä±Ô¸ð ) 30%
3. Length of Credit History (½Å¿ë°Å·¡ À¯Áö±â°£) 15%
4. Number of Inquiries (New Credit½Å¿ëÁ¶È¸ Ƚ¼ö) 10%
5. Types of Credit (Credit MixÅ©·¹µ÷ÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼º) 10%
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1. Payment History (ºÎä»óȯ ¹× ¿¬Ã¼±â·Ï) – 35%
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FICO Score ¿¡ °¡Àå Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â Æò°¡±âÁØÀ¸·Î
“°ú°Å ¶Ç´Â ÇöÀç¿¡ 乫»óȯÀ» ±âÇѳ»¿¡ Àß ³»°í Àִ°¡?”
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¸¦ ¹Ý¿µÇÏ¿© ÀÌ Payment History (ºÎä»óȯ ±â·Ï) Ç׸ñÀÌ FICO Á¡¼ö »êÁ¤½Ã¿¡ ÃÖ°íÀÎ 35%ÀÇ ºñÁßÀ» Â÷ÁöÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Á» ´õ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î »ìÆìº¸¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¿ä¼Ò (Factor) µéÀÌ ÆäÀÌ¸ÕÆ® È÷½ºÅ丮¿¡ Æò°¡±âÁØÀ¸·Î¼ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌĨ´Ï´Ù.
· Å©·¹µ÷ Ä«µå, ½ºÅ侯 Ä«µå, ÁÖÀ¯¼Ò ½Å¿ëÄ«µå, ´ëÃâ, ÀÚµ¿Â÷ (Financing, Leasing), ¸ð±âÁö µîÀÇ ÁöºÒº¯Á¦±â·Ï
· ¿¬Ã¼±â·ÏÀÇ ¿©ºÎ (Defaulted Payment)
· 60 ÀÏ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¾Ç¼º¿¬Ã¼ (Serious Delinquencies)
· ¿¬Ã¼ÀÇ ½É°¢µµ; ¿¬Ã¼ÀÇ ±â°£; ¿¬Ã¼°èÁÂÀÇ °¹¼ö; 30ÀÏ/60ÀÏ/90ÀÏ ³»¿¡ ¿¬Ã¼ÇÑ È½¼ö
· Bankruptcy, Judgment, Liens (À¯Ä¡±Ç, Àú´ç), Debt Litigation (乫¼Ò¼Û), Garnishment Order (Â÷¾Ð, ¾Ð·ù), CRA Tax Liens, CRA Requirement To Pay (Frozen Bank Account – ÀºÇà°èÁ ¾Ð·ù) µîÀÇ Public Record
· Collection Agency Record (ÄÝ·º¼Ç Ãß½Éȸ»ç ±â·Ï)
· Collection ü³³Ã¤¹« ±Ý¾×ÀÇ ºñÁß
· Written-off °á¼Õó¸®µÈ ±â·Ï¿©ºÎ
· ´ãº¸Ã¤¹«ÀÎ ÀºÇà ¸ð±âÁö ¿¬Ã¼±â·Ï (ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö ¸¶À̳ʽº ¿äÀÎ)
· Good Payment HistoryÀÇ °èÁ °¹¼ö (¿ì·® ½Å¿ëÁ¤º¸´Â ¹«´ãº¸ 乫¸¸ ±â·ÏµÇ´Â ¹Ý¸é, ´ãº¸Ã¤¹«ÀÎ ¸ð±âÁö, ÀÚµ¿Â÷ÀÇ Payment History ´Â ¿¬Ã¼³»¿ª Defaulted Payment ¸¸À» ±â·Ï)
[Å©·¹µ÷ Á¡¼ö ¿Ã¸®±â] Golden Rule 1:
· ¿¬Ã¼¾øÀÌ ÀÌÀÚ¿Í ¿ø±ÝÀ» Á¦ ³¯Â¥¿¡ °±´Â´Ù (Pay on time)
· °¡´ÉÇÑ ¿ø±ÝÀ» ¸ðµÎ °±´Â´Ù (Pay in full)
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Âü°í·Î ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ±ÝÀ¶»óǰÀÇ Payment History ´Â ¾Æ¹«¸® ¿ù ÀÌÀÚ¿Í ¿ø±ÝÀ» ²¿¹Ú²¿¹Ú »óȯÇÑ ¿ì·®±â·ÏÀ̶ó°í ÇØµµ ½Å¿ëÆò°¡±â°üÀÎ Equifax & TransUnion ¿¡ º¸°íµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ´Ü, Negative Information ÀÎ ¿¬Ã¼±â·Ï¸¸ º¸°íµÇ¾î Å©·¹µ÷ ¸®Æ÷Æ®¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµÇ´Â Á¡¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇϼ¼¿ä.
- Chequing & Savings Accounts
- Prepaid Cards (À̰ÍÀº ´ãº¸½Å¿ëÄ«µå Secured Credit Cards °¡ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù)
¹Ý¸é »ó¼úÇÑ ´ãº¸/¹«´ãº¸ 乫¿Ü¿¡µµ ÀüȺñ (¼¿Æù, ȨÆù), ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »ç¿ë °ü·Ã ÁöºÒ³»¿ªÀº Positive & Negative ÀÎÆ÷ µÑ´Ù º¸°íµÇ¸ç FICO score ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµÇ´Â Ç׸ñÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[±¹¼¼Ã»Àº ¼¼±Ý乫 ü³³ÀÚÀÇ µ¿»ê/ºÎµ¿»ê¿¡ À¯Ä¡±Ç, ÀºÇà°èÁµ¿°á, ¾Ð·ù µîÀÇ ±¹¼¼Â¡¼ö¸¦ À§ÇÑ °Á¦Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ¹ý¿ø½ÂÀξøÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¸é ¾ðÁ¦µçÁö ÁýÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Super Priority Creditor. Tax Liens Å©·¹µ÷ ¸®Æ÷Æ®¿¡ 6³â°£ ±â·Ï]

ºÎµ¿»ê¿¡ À¯Ä¡±Ç, °¡¾Ð·ù - ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö Ãß¶ô

Frozen Bank Account; CRA Requirement To Pay ÀºÇà°èÁµ¿°á - 6³â Å©·¹µ÷ ¸®Æ÷Æ® ±â·Ï ³²À½
2. Use of Available Credit (Debt Amounts; Debt Ratio ½Å¿ëÀÜ°í ´ëºñ ºÎäºñÀ² & ºÎäÃѾ×) - 30%
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µÎ¹øÂ°·Î Áß¿äÇÑ ½Å¿ëÆò°¡±âÁØÀ¸·Î FICO score (½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö) »êÃâ¿¡ 30%°¡ ¹Ý¿µµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
“乫ÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¤¹«»óȯ ´É·ÂÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº ´ëÃâÀ» ¾È°íÀִ°¡?”
“»ç¿ëÇÏ°í ³²Àº Å©·¹µ÷ Çѵµ¾×ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶Àΰ¡(Credit Utilization)?”
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ÀÌÀ¯´Â, Credit Score ¿¡ Á÷Á¢Àû ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â ¿äÀÎÀº Å©·¹µ÷ Çѵµ¾×ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶Àΰ¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¾ó¸¶¸¦ ´õ ¾µ¼öÀÖ³ª°¡ ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö »êÃâ±âÁØÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÇϱâÀÇ Ç׸ñµéÀÌ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµË´Ï´Ù.
· ¸ðµç °èÁÂÀÇ Ã¤¹« ÃѾ×
· ƯÁ¤°èÁ¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â 乫 ÃѾ×
· Owing Balance °¡ ÀÖ´Â °èÁÂÀÇ °¹¼ö
· ÀÚµ¿Â÷³ª ¸ð±âÁö À¶ÀÚµîÀÌ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Â ºñÁß
· Revolving Account (À¯µ¿°èÁÂ) ¿Í Installment Account (°íÁ¤°èÁÂ) ÀÇ ÀüüÀû ¹ß¶õ½º (ºñÀ²)
· Credit Limit (Å©·¹µ÷ Çѵµ) °ú Available Current Credit Balance (³²Àº Å©·¹µ÷ ±Ý¾×) ÀÇ ±ÕÇü°ú ºñÁß (ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö ¸¶À̳ʽº ¿äÀÎ)
½Å¿ëÁ¶È¸ ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼ ½Å¿ëÀ¸·Î ¹ÞÀº ½Å¿ëÇѵµÃѾ×; ½Å¿ëÇѵµÀÇ ÀÜ¾× ±Ô¸ð; Å©·¹µ÷ Ä«µå Çѵµ¾×; ÀºÇà ´ëÃâ±Ý Àܾ×; ¸ð±âÁö ÀÜ¿©¾× µîÀÌ Å©·¹µ÷ Çѵµ ´ëºñ ºÎä ºñÀ²·Î »êÃâµÇ¾î¼ ½Å¿ëÆò°¡Á¡¼ö¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµË´Ï´Ù. ¿¹·Î, Å©·¹µ÷ ¸®¹ÌÆ®°¡ $10,000 Àε¥ ±×Áß »ç¿ëÇÑ ¾×¼ö°¡ $3,000 À̸é 30%ÀÇ Ã¤¹« ºñÁßÀ» Áö°ÔµË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ºÎäºñÀ² (%) ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶°¡ À¯ÁöµÇ¾î¾ß °¡Àå ±àÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¿¡ ¹Ý¿µµÇ´Â°¡? ´Â ÀºÇà°ú ±â°üº°·Î »óÀÌÇϳª º¸ÆíÀû Rule of Thumb Àº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
 ¸ð ÀºÇàÀÇ ½Å¿ëÄ«µå ´ã´çÀÚ´Â ½Å¿ëÇѵµÀÇ 30~50 %¸¦ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§¿¡ °¡Àå ÁÁÀº ½Å¿ë Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù;
 Equifax says “Try not to run your balances up to your credit limit. Keeping your account balances below 75 % of your available credit may also help your score.”
 TransUnion says “Balances above 50 % of your credit limits will harm your credit. Aim for balances under 30 %.”
 FICO says “People with the Best Scores tend to average about 7 % credit utilization ratio, but that 10 to 20 % usage is OK.”
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Lender ÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼ º¼¶§ Å©·¹µ÷ Çѵµ¾× ´ëºñ ºÎäÀ²ÀÌ Å« 乫ÀÚ´Â ³²Àº Å©·¹µ÷ÀÌ º°·Î ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ‘À§ÇèÇÑ Ã¤¹«ÀÚ’ ·Î°£ÁÖÇϸç, ¼³·É ÁöºÒ±â°£³»¿¡ ¸ðµç 乫¸¦ ÇѲ¨¹ø¿¡ °±¾Ò´Ù°í ÇØµµ ‘Greater Risk’ ·Î Ãë±ÞÇϰԵ˴ϴÙ. Áï, ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²°í ÀϽÿ¡ °±´Â 乫ÀÚº¸´Ù ÀÛÀº ±Ý¾×À» Àß È¸ÀüÇØ¼ ¾²°í 100% °±±â¸¦ ¿À·£ ±â°£µ¿¾È ÇØ¿Â 乫ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¸¦ ´õ ³ôÀÌ ÁÖ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù (R1).
ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÀÌ·¯´ÏÇϰԵµ ½Å¿ëÀÌ º°·Î ÇÊ¿ä¾ø´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô´Â ½Å¿ëÀ» Å©°Ô ÁÖ°í ½Å¿ëÀÌ Àý½ÇÈ÷ ÇÊ¿äÇØ¼ Çѵµ¾×±îÁö ä¿ö¾²°Å³ª Å©·¹µ÷ ¸®¹ÌÆ®¸¦ ¿Ã·Á´Þ¶ó°í ¿äûÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô´Â ¿ÀÈ÷·Á °æ°è À§Çè¼öÀ§¸¦ ³ôÀÌ´Â Paradox °¡ ÀÛ¿ëµÇ´Â °Í°°½À´Ï´Ù.

[°úµµÇÑ Ä«µåºúÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ Ã¤¹«°íÅëÀ¸·Î È¥ÀÚ °í¹ÎÇÏÁö ¸¶½Ã°í °³ÀÎȸ»ýÀ¸·Î ºúû»ê ¹Þ°í »õ·Ó°Ô ½Å¿ëȸ»ý Çϼ¼¿ä]
[Å©·¹µ÷ Á¡¼ö ¿Ã¸®±â] Golden Rule 2:
Á¾ÇÕÇϸé Revolving °èÁÂÀÎ ¹«´ãº¸ Å©·¹µ÷ Ä«µåÀÇ Rule of Thumb Àº:
· ½Å¿ëÇѵµ¾× (Credit Limit) À» 35% ¹Ì¸¸À¸·Î À¯Áö; °¡´ÉÇÑ Å©·¹µ÷ (Available Credit) ÀÇ % ¸¦ ±Ø´ëÈ.
· ÀüÇô »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é No Credit À¸·Î ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¿¡ ¾Æ¹«·± µµ¿òÀÌ µÇÁö¾ÊÀ¸´Ï Á¶±Ý¾¿ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë.
· ½Å¿ëÇѵµ¸¦ over ¶Ç´Â max-out ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿¬Ã¼¸¸ÅÀ̳ª ½Å¿ëÁ¡¼ö¿¡ Ä¡¸íÀûÀÌ´Ï Àý´ë ±Ý¹°.
· Å©·¹µ÷ Ä«µå´Â Çѵµ¾×ÀÇ 50 % ÀÌ»óÀ» ³ÑÁö ¸»°Í. (70% ÀÌ»ó½Ã Red Flag!)
· Àå±â°£ ¸Å¿ù ²ÙÁØÈ÷ Á¶±Ý¾¿ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå ÁÁÀº FICO Á¡¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ¹æ¹ý.
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Å©·¹µ÷ Ä«µåºú, ±¹¼¼Ã» ¼¼±Ý乫, ÄÝ·º¼Ç Ãß½É乫 µî ºÎäû»ê, 乫Á¶Á¤°ú °ü·Ã °³ÀÎȸ»ý ¹× ÆÄ»ê¸éÃ¥ÀÇ ¹æ¹ý, ÀýÂ÷, ÀÚ°Ý¿ä°Ç, ¼·ù½É»ç, ºñ¿ë, Àå´ÜÁ¡ µî »ó¼¼»çÇ×À» ¾Ë°í½ÍÀ¸½Ã¸é, Áö±Ý ¹Ù·Î ÀúÈñ ZERODebt CANADA Inc (ÁÖ)ij³ª´Ù乫û»êÈñ¸ÁÇ÷¯½º ¿¡¼ 乫Á¶Á¤½ºÆä¼³¸®½ºÆ®·Î ÀÏÇϰíÀÖ´Â ¹ý¹«»ç ½á´Ï Á¤¿¡°Ô ¹®ÀÇÇØÁÖ¼¼¿ä. öÀúÇÑ ºñ°ø°³ ¹«·á乫»ó´ãÀ» ÅëÇØ¼ ½Å¿ëÄ«µå ºÎäû»êÀÇ ¿É¼ÇµéÀ» ¼³¸íÇØµå¸®°í °¡Àå ¾Ë¸Â´Â ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀ» ã¾Æ¼ 乫ÀÚÀÇ ´ëº¯ÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ 乫ÀÚÀÇ ±ÇÀÍÀ» ÃÖ´ëÇÑ ¿ËÈ£ÇØ µå¸®°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, dzºÎÇÑ ½Ç¹«°æÇè°ú Ź¿ùÇÑ ¹ýÀû ³ëÇϿ츦 ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¿À·ÎÁö 乫ÀÚÁöÇâÀû ÃÖ´ë Ã¥ÀÓ ¸¸Á·¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇص帮±â À§ÇØ ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇϰíÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹«·áÀÚ°Ý½É»ç ¹× ¹«·áÀ繫Æò°¡¼¸¦ º¸³»µå¸®´Ï Áö±Ý ¹Ù·Î ÀüÈÇϼ¼¿ä. ¹«·á乫»ó´ãÀüÈ´Â 1-888-510-ZERO (9376) ¶Ç´Â 647-560-HOPE (4673); ºü¸¥ À̸ÞÀÏ »ó´ãÀº sjung@zero-debtcanada.com ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â ÀúÈñ À¥»çÀÌÆ® www.zero-debtcanada.com ¿Í www.4debtors.ca ¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇØÁÖ¼¼¿ä.
¡Ø [ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ©ZeroDebt Canada Inc. (ÁÖ)ij³ª´Ù乫û»êÈñ¸ÁÇ÷¯½º. ¹«´Üº¹Á¦ ¹× ÀüÀç-Àç¹èÆ÷ ±ÝÁö]
»ó±âÀÇ º»¹®Àº ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ±³À° ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î¸¸ Á¦°øµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ¹ýÀû Á¶¾ðÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù.
º»ÀÎÀÇ »óȲ¿¡ ¸Â´Â ±¸Ã¼Àû Á¶¾ðÀ» ¹Þ±â À§Çؼ´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã »çÀü ¼±ÀÓ retainer ¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼ »ó´ãÀ» ÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
Disclaimer: This is not intended as legal advice. This is offered for informational purposes only.
¹ý¹«»ç SUNNIE JUNG Licenced Paralegal | Financial Restructuring Specialist
1.888.510.ZERO (9376) | 647.560.HOPE (4673) | info@zero-debtcanada.com | www.zero-debtcanada.com | www.4debtors.ca